{"id":30686,"date":"2026-05-23T16:04:07","date_gmt":"2026-05-23T16:04:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/philo.wp-cms76.fr\/?p=30686"},"modified":"2026-05-28T16:27:07","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T16:27:07","slug":"kuln","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/philo.wp-cms76.fr\/index.php\/2026\/05\/23\/kuln\/","title":{"rendered":"Kuhn, Thomas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3a88641f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-accent-3-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7c7a321995fe8ab0777fbe294f31aa21\">Am\u00e9liorez votre <br>\u00ab&nbsp;connaissance&nbsp;\u00bb<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"691\" src=\"https:\/\/philo.wp-cms76.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Thomas-Kuhn.jpg\" alt=\"Thomas-Kuhn\" class=\"wp-image-20733\" style=\"width:100px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/philo.wp-cms76.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Thomas-Kuhn.jpg 500w, https:\/\/philo.wp-cms76.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Thomas-Kuhn-217x300.jpg 217w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-accent-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-787a84d3cca27353acbc84a9cbeed59c\">Citations<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-accent-4-background-color has-background wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u00ab Ce que voit un homme d\u00e9pend \u00e0 la fois de ce qu\u2019il regarde et de ce que son exp\u00e9rience visuelle et conceptuelle ant\u00e9rieure lui a appris \u00e0 voir. \u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-accent-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-9bb3e86e924851644f6e9081e29f26ea\">Le philosophe<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Thomas Kuhn<\/strong> (1922-1996) est un philosophe des sciences connu pour avoir profond\u00e9ment renouvel\u00e9 la compr\u00e9hension du progr\u00e8s scientifique.<br>Son ouvrage majeur, La Structure des r\u00e9volutions scientifiques, introduit la notion de \u00ab paradigme \u00bb.<br>Un paradigme est un ensemble partag\u00e9 de th\u00e9ories, m\u00e9thodes, valeurs et pratiques qui orientent le travail des scientifiques.<br>Selon Kuhn, la science ne progresse pas de mani\u00e8re lin\u00e9aire et cumulative.<br>La plupart du temps, les chercheurs pratiquent une \u00ab science normale \u00bb, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire la r\u00e9solution d\u2019\u00e9nigmes \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur d\u2019un paradigme accept\u00e9.<br>Mais certaines anomalies r\u00e9sistent aux explications dominantes et provoquent une crise scientifique.<br>Quand ces anomalies deviennent trop nombreuses, un nouveau paradigme peut \u00e9merger : c\u2019est la \u00ab r\u00e9volution scientifique \u00bb.<br>Exemples classiques : le passage de la physique d\u2019Isaac Newton \u00e0 celle d\u2019Albert Einstein, ou du g\u00e9ocentrisme \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00e9liocentrisme.<br>Kuhn soutient que deux paradigmes successifs sont souvent \u00ab incommensurables \u00bb : ils reposent sur des concepts et des crit\u00e8res diff\u00e9rents.<br>Ainsi, le choix d\u2019un paradigme ne d\u00e9pend pas uniquement de preuves objectives, mais aussi de facteurs historiques et sociaux.<br>Cette th\u00e8se a fortement influenc\u00e9 l\u2019histoire, la sociologie et la philosophie des sciences.<br>Kuhn s\u2019oppose donc \u00e0 une vision strictement rationaliste et continue du progr\u00e8s scientifique d\u00e9fendue notamment par Karl Popper.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-accent-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-0d746aa6216ec5d5a10519f4f802d5de\">Th\u00e8mes abord\u00e9s par le philosophe<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-3a88641f wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Le sujet<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fde40c05f19d3608df5d2a03297a6daa\">Le bonheur<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a713c527bd8ef8fe12c1b89730e9287f\">La conscience et l\u2019identit\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1494efedf0b5792225828bdfca00719e\">L\u2019existence et le temps<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Politique et Morale<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c7f12d86ecbf78744b0e96f0f40f1232\">La libert\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c3c6837507b51f514c964d218d2f3e78\">Le devoir moral<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f021b9feebeded46fd645a54f01afdd3\">L\u2019\u00c9tat et la soci\u00e9t\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-59470b801d718808c45ef08852abe359\">La justice et le droit<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Raison et R\u00e9el<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-ebd7c973c5748ecd24f9db50fb16cb72\">La raison<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-51c39fb21cd5a82a3da7770fc93aa4a2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/philo.wp-cms76.fr\/index.php\/2026\/05\/21\/la-verite\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">La v\u00e9rit\u00e9.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Culture<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f58c38b89da15bf35e7aeb287699b987\">La culture et la nature<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e05884581cf65577fe9336b7ed7bc2bd\">L\u2019Art<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-28a3bbd1160849ae733369ebe172e3e2\">Le travail<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-566daf5dea90cb505dcfa2b286c114b5\">Le langage<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-71912d890df2783e947d269e9d040e77\"><a href=\"https:\/\/philo.wp-cms76.fr\/index.php\/2026\/05\/23\/la-science\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">La science<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-bba306ee6a610a8d22b80ec5831cf249\">La religion<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-custom-hover-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1ba8f0caf1201cb3d670f80af3e1ea0b\">La technique<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-global-padding is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-custom-accent-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-89c42fd631f0c65fd80a9e0c4e87a3ad\">Textes choisis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Am\u00e9liorez votre \u00ab&nbsp;connaissance&nbsp;\u00bb Citations \u00ab Ce que voit un homme d\u00e9pend \u00e0 la fois de ce qu\u2019il regarde et de ce que son exp\u00e9rience visuelle et conceptuelle ant\u00e9rieure lui a appris \u00e0 voir. \u00bb Le philosophe Thomas Kuhn (1922-1996) est un philosophe des sciences connu pour avoir profond\u00e9ment renouvel\u00e9 la compr\u00e9hension du progr\u00e8s scientifique.Son ouvrage [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[29],"post_folder":[25],"class_list":["post-30686","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-philosophes","tag-contemporain"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kuhn, Thomas - Philo.wp-cms76<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/philo.wp-cms76.fr\/index.php\/2026\/05\/23\/kuln\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Kuhn, Thomas - Philo.wp-cms76\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" 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